Kholopy needed to perform one work ordered by the the owner, as well as was basically commonly built to work new homes otherwise meet administrative jobs. But their financial obligation couldn’t contradict the rules of Church, hence regulated daily life. 17 Due to the fact all-russian Orthodox Christians have been required to attend mass towards the Vacations, to see borrowed, and you may declare continuously (legally enforced due to the fact 1716), nobody is effortlessly in a position to avoid the Church’s manage. Prior to the rule of Peter I, Orthodox parishes were quite quick, comprising a hundred or so folks and thus making it possible for manage by regional priests. Lords otherwise masters happened responsible for its servants pursuing the Chapel regulations.
The latest “Domostroi,” 18 a widely used guide out of house rules kissbrides.com Naviger til nettstedet, informed your mind of children to keep his servants dressed and you will well-fed, to make sure behavior by praising good work and you can implementing discipline (which could tend to be beating) only if requisite. Female was to become punished by the wife. Your mind of one’s domestic has also been advised to lead their spouse, students, and servants inside shared prayer every night and see bulk with them on Vacations. He was admonished facing every sins and advised to help you invite priests often.
If a roba got sex along with her manager in addition they got an infant, both was to feel taken to the brand new bishop to own wisdom
In which did it real time? Russians in early the past few years existed towards landed attributes titled dvor (literally: yard) that have been in the middle of walls and generally searched several houses-the brand new house strengthening izba, stables, independent buildings for chill and lifeless shop, and you can a great bathhouse (bania). The individuals residing in particularly good dvor had to deal with the brand new rulings of your own property owner (khoziain). For a long time, the brand new dvor has also been might device getting taxing outlying groups and area communities. Regarding noble properties and you will cities, there are as well as solid wood households which have numerous floors; two-facts domiciles was basically preferred inside Moscow throughout the 17th century. The fresh servants mainly stayed on to the floor floor, hence generally did not have windows. Certainly one of their services were to retain the fire regarding heating system, which heated our home from the air respectively with its deplete smoke. Servants along with stayed in the business stalls left from the designers and you may resellers because was not well-known to offer items inside the one’s own home. 19
Exactly what did they consume? 20 Depending on the “Domostroi,” servants was to end up being provided good enough. When boyars expelled a few of the kholopy off their dvor for the times of lack to store on supplies, these were penalized. You will find a dinner hierarchy, however: dining table courses and you will directories from expenses inform us exactly what the tsar and patriarch got to their tables, exactly what performed the newest servants eat? The assumption that they “tasted” when they were able to seems sensible.
Government Regarding Kholopstvo
All of the legally free individuals of Russia, brand new large and you may lower nobility, serving someone (sluzhilye liudi) of the many ranks, merchants and you may musicians and artists (posadskie liudi), and even peasants and you will kholopy on their own can use this service membership from an excellent kholop to possess a designated or endless time period. Women you will own kholopy also-constantly by the inheritance as mentioned significantly more than, but also by way of purchase. The period from a small kholopstvo is discussed in many years.
At the beginning of this new 15th century, people marketed on their own and their family members utilising the formula “of the personal will,” but in later offer, which formula try absent. Up until the annexation out of Novgorod Velikii by the Moscow when you look at the 1478, a lot of people was in fact exchanged with no formal control otherwise membership. Till the annexation, the fresh employed phrasings point to much more personal behavior, afterwards to help you more control because of the officials. At the conclusion of the new sixteenth century, the fresh main government inside Moscow purchased another type of membership of all the kholopy about region off Novgorod Velikii.