Having reading intraspecific type out of recombination speed within the maize, we composed a couple of half-sib panels, you to definitely having Damage and something to have Flint inbred traces. Drop and you may Flint are a couple of maize gene swimming pools that are essential for crossbreed reproduction during the Europe . The 2 50 % of-sib boards comprised a total of twenty-four complete-sib household. New Dent committee comprises ten crosses of a central Dent inbred line (F353) with varied Dent creator inbreds of your own European Reduction gene pool which were designed in European countries and you can America. In the Flint committee a central Flint inbred line (UH007) was crossed to eleven genetically varied Flint inventor inbreds of your Western european Flint breeding issue. The Flint inventor lines come from very early maize introductions so you’re able to Spain and away from so-titled Northern Flints off France and Germany. Likewise, several reciprocal crosses between them central Dent and you can Flint outlines was in fact reviewed and also in for every single panel one to mix to your Us Reduction line B73 was provided as a connection to the us nested organization mapping (NAM) society .
Here, we report on the analysis of the variation of recombination rate in 23 populations of maize using SNPs from the MaizeSNP50 BeadChip . All populations consist of doubled haploid (DH) lines obtained by in vivo haploid induction . DH lines produced with this method reflect female meiosis. Unlike F2 or RILs, DH lines have the great advantage that the genetic information of each gamete is directly observed. Our objectives were to analyze intraspecific variation for (1) GWRR and chromosome-wide recombination rate, (2) recombination landscape along chromosomes, and (3) CO interference, using high-density genetic linkage maps. We found significant differences of GWRR between individual populations as well as between Dent ? Dent versus Flint ? Flint populations, but not between the Dent and Flint gene pools in general. GWRR was not correlated with the genetic structure of the lines as inferred from admixture analysis. We analyzed the recombination landscapes in all populations and found significant differences between individual populations and between pools. Finally, we characterized quantitatively the interfering and non-interfering CO formation pathways and found a negative correlation over all chromosomes between interference intensity of pathway P1 and GWRR.
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We constructed two half-sib panels comprising a total of 24 maize full-sib families chatib bezpłatna aplikacja of DH lines for the analysis of intraspecific variation of recombination rates. The full-sib families within the two panels represent the diversity of important founder lines of the European Dent and Flint germplasm, respectively (Table 1; Additional file 1). In the Dent panel (prefix CFD), all full-sib families have the same common parental line F353 which was crossed to diverse Dent founder lines. The common parent of the Flint full-sib families (prefix CFF) is line UH007, which was crossed to diverse Flint founder lines. 1 plants for in vivo haploid induction, so our maps reflect only female meioses. Details on the diversity analysis of the parental lines are given in Additional file 2.
In most crosses, the new haploid inducer line was applied because men mother or father when crossed into the F
Just like the a first part of the research of recombination, private genetic charts had been built getting 23 from the twenty-four communities each of 10 chromosomes. Map analytics are offered in the Dining table step 1 with increased facts inside A lot more document step three, and also the complete listing of marker positions throughout charts that have the raw segregation information is considering for the Most file 4. Overall, 39,439 SNPs of MaizeSNP50 range was mapped in the during the the very least you to society. Over all populations, doing 33,884 COs had been seen in 2,233 ladies meioses and you will, normally, eleven,988 SNPs was indeed mapped in one offered inhabitants. The average to own Reduction ? Dent populations (all the CFD except CFD01) is actually 13,247 indicators mapped and Flint ? Flint populations (most of the CFF except CFF01 and you can CFF02) an average was 9,874. To possess population CFF05, and this comprised merely 34 DHs, no steady chart would be gotten. The full amount of genetic charts ranged in one,180 centiMorgan (cM) when you look at the society CFD05 to a single,893 cM during the CFF03 having an indicate of just one,508 ± 185 cM (indicate ± fundamental departure). The common hereditary map size from the 10 Reduction ? Damage populations (CFD02 to help you CFD12) is actually step one,353 ± 99 cM, while the eleven genetic charts out of Flint ? Flint communities (CFF03 so you can CFF15) have been, on average, extended on step one,645 ± 154 cM. The three charts from crosses between Reduction and you may Flint moms and dads (CFD01, CFF01, CFF02) got an intermediate average amount of 1,570 ± 85 cM. The most significant pit in the an inherited map are 53.seven cM on long-arm away from chromosome 7 (7L) inside population CFF13, where zero SNPs was basically polymorphic within mothers, probably due to title-by-origin (IBD). Information regarding genome-wide variety and IBD places between mothers of your own mapping populations come in Extra file 2. Synteny and colinearity of hereditary charts try compared to the new B73 AGPv2 genome system. Overall, a premier contract is actually located, demonstrating the new large feel off marker purchase all over populations, with couples exceptions due to the fact described into the Most file dos.